Zvinhu Zvina Zvekufunga Usati Waziva NezveMagirazi

1.Chii chinonzi magirazi ezuva

Magirazi ezuva, anonziwo magirazi ezuva, anoshandiswa pakuvheneka zuva.Vanhu vanowanzo gadzirisa kupenya kunopenya nekugadzirisa saizi yemwana muzuva.Apo chiedza chechiedza chinodarika kukwanisa kugadzirisa kwemaziso evanhu, kunokonzera kukanganisa kumaziso evanhu.

Nokudaro, mumabasa ekunze, kunyanya muzhizha, zvakakosha kushandisa magirazi ezuva kuti avhare zuva kuti kuderedze kuneta kunokonzerwa nekugadzirisa maziso kana kukanganisa kunokonzerwa nekukurudzira chiedza chakasimba.

Saka magirazi ezuva aifanira kuve chinhu chakakosha muhupenyu hwedu.Tinogona kupfeka magirazi ezuva muchirimo chinopisa, tinogona kupfeka magirazi ezuva patinenge tichityaira, uye tinogona kupfeka magirazi ezuva patinenge tichizvitora mapikicha.Kunotonhorera, uye magirazi ezuva ari nyore kutakura.Vakadzi vanogona kuisa magirazi mumabhegi avo emucheka wejira nemabhegi ekutengera.Kana uri murume, unogona kudziisa muhomwe yesutu yako.Iwe unogona zvakare kuiisa mumotokari yako uchityaira, nezvimwe zvakadaro, magirazi ezuva ari nyore kushandisa

Saka magirazi ezuva aifanira kuve chinhu chakakosha muhupenyu hwedu.Iwe unogona kupfeka magirazi ezuva muzhizha rinopisa, unogona kupfeka magirazi ezuva paunenge uchityaira, uye iwe unogona zvakare kupfeka magirazi ezuva paunenge uchitora selfies.Kutonhorera, magirazi ezuva ari nyore kutakura.Madzimai anogona kuisa magirazi avo mumabhegi e canvas tote nemabhegi ekutengera.Kana uri murume, unogona kuaisa muhomwe yesutu.Iwe unogonawo kuiisa mumotokari paunenge uchityaira.Magirazi ezuva ari nyore kushandisa zvakadaro.Magirazi ezuva efekitori yedu nemafuremu ekuona zvakaongororwa zvakasimba, uye isu tave kugadzirwa nemichina izvozvi, senge mukugadzirisa kwemvura yetsvina isu tinoshandisaWater Treatment SystemNePombi, tinoshandisa semi-otomatiki USB solder muchina kune data tambo yezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi.Isu tinoshandisa muchina wekusona kugadziracanvas tote bags.Isu tinoshandisa akomputa waya yekubvisa muchinakugadzirisa tambo.Nokuda kwekugadzirisa makona uye makona emapuranga, tinoshandisa otomatiki solder machine kuti tibatanidze zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvechimiro., Inotigonesa kuvandudza kushanda kwekugadzira, kuderedza mari, uye inogona kukupa mutengo wakaderera.

2.Nheyo yemagirazi ezuva

Magirazi ezuva maitiro

(Magirazi ezuva)

(Magirazi ezuva)

Magirazi ezuva anogona kudzivirira kupenya kusingafadzi, uye panguva imwechete anogona kudzivirira maziso kubva kune ultraviolet rays.Zvose izvi zvinokonzerwa nesimbi yehupfu sefa, iyo inogona "kusarudza" chiedza kana ichirova.Magirazi ane mavara anogona kusarudza mamwe masaisai anoumba mwaranzi yezuva nekuti anoshandisa hupfu hwesimbi (simbi, mhangura, nickel, nezvimwewo).Kutaura zvazviri, kana chiedza chichirova lens, chiedza chinoderedzwa zvichienderana nezvinonzi "kukanganisa kupindira" maitiro.Kureva kuti, kana mamwe mafungu echiedza (ari kunzi ultraviolet a, ultraviolet b, uye dzimwe nguva infrared) achipfuura nemulenzi, anodzimana kunze kwemukati melenzi iri kuziso.Kupindirana kwemasaisai emwenje hakusi netsaona: nhongonya dzesaisai rimwe chete uye zvimwiro zvemasaisai ari padyo zvinosangana kuti zvidzima.Chiitiko chekuvhiringidza chinoparadza chinoenderana nerefractive index ye lens (kureva, chiyero chekutsauka apo chiedza chinopfuura nezvinhu zvakasiyana mumhepo), uye zvinoenderanawo nehupamhi hwe lens.Kazhinji kutaura, ukobvu hwelenzi hauchinje zvakanyanya, uye iyo refractive index yelens inosiyana zvichienderana nekusiyana kwemakemikari.Uye magirazi ezuva haafaniri kutarisana zvakananga nezuva.

Polarized magirazi

Polarized magirazi akapfeka maitiro

(Polarized magirazi)

Magirazi epolarized anopa imwe nzira yekudzivirira maziso.Chiedza chinoratidzwa kubva kumugwagwa weasphalt chakanyanya kukosha polarized mwenje.Musiyano uri pakati pechiedza chinotaridzwa ichi nechiedza chinobva kuzuva zvakananga kana kuti chero chitubu chechiedza chekugadzira chiri mudambudziko renhevedzano.Chiedza chepolarized chinoumbwa nemasaisai anozunguzika achienda kune rimwe divi, ukuwo mwenje wenguva dzose unoumbwa nemasaisai anodedera asina kunanga.Zvakafanana neboka revanhu vari kufamba munyonganyonga uye boka revarwi riri kufamba zvakarongeka., Yakagadzira musiyano wakajeka.Kazhinji, chiedza chakaratidzwa chiedza chakarongeka.Polarizing lenses inonyanya kushanda mukuvharira mwenje uyu nekuda kwekusefa kwayo.Rudzi urwu rwelenzi runongobvumira masaisai ane polarized anozunguzika mune imwe nzira kuti apfuure, senge "kukama" mwenje.Kune matambudziko ekuona mugwagwa, kushandiswa kwemagirazi epolarized kunogona kuderedza kutapurirana kwemwenje, nekuti haitenderi masaisai emwenje anodedera anoenderana nemugwagwa kupfuura.Muchokwadi, mamorekuru marefu eiyo sefa layer akatariswa munzira yakachinjika uye anogona kutora yakachinjika polarized mwenje.Nenzira iyi, chiedza chakawanda chinoratidzwa chinobviswa, uye kujekesa kwose kwenzvimbo yakapoteredza hakuna kuderedzwa, uye polarizer inogona kutarisana nezuva zvakananga.

Magirazi ekuchinja mavara

(Magirazi ekuchinja mavara)

(Magirazi ekuchinja mavara)

(Magirazi ekuchinja mavara)

(Magirazi ekuchinja mavara)

 

(Magirazi ekuchinja mavara)

 

(Magirazi ekuchinja mavara)

Malenzi emagirazi anochinja ruvara anogona kusviba kana mwaranzi yezuva yapinda. Mwenje pawakadzikira, yakabva yapenya zvakare.Izvi zvinogoneka nekuti sirivheri halide makristasi ari kushanda.Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, inogona kuchengetedza lens yakajeka.Pasi pechiedza chezuva, sirivha iri mukriststal inoparadzanisa, uye sirivha yakasununguka inoumba zviduku zviduku mukati me lens.Aya madiki esirivha akaunganidzwa mabhururu asina kujairika ane mazino embwa.Havagoni kufambisa chiedza, asi vanogona chete kutora chiedza.Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo lens inosviba.Kana chiedza chasviba, kristaro inoumbazve, uye lenzi inodzokera kumamiriro ayo akajeka.

3. Basic mabasa emagirazi ezuva

Nhanganyaya

Magirazi maviri ezuva anotaridzika ari nyore kwazvo, ndiko kuti, kune maviri emavara egirazi kana mapepa epurasitiki mune imwe plastiki kana simbi furemu.Pane chinhu chiri nyore kupfuura ichi here?Muchokwadi, maviri magirazi lenzi anogona kuita misiyano yakawanda.Paunoshandisa magirazi ezuva, misiyano iyi ichavawo nekukanganisa kukuru kwauri.

Mabasa

(UV inokuvadza retina)

Mwaranzi yeUltraviolet inogona kukuvadza cornea neretina, uye magirazi ezuva epamusoro anogona kubvisa zvachose ultraviolet mwaranzi.

Kana ziso richigamuchira chiedza chakawandisa, rinobva raita kucheka iris.Kana iris yadzikira kusvika painogumira, vanhu vanobva vatoda kutsvotsvoma.Kana kuchine chiedza chakawandisa, sechiedza chezuva chinoratidzwa kubva muchando, chinokuvadza retina.Magirazi ezuva epamusoro anogona kusefa kusvika 97% yechiedza chinopinda muziso kudzivirira kukuvara.

Dzimwe nzvimbo, dzakadai semvura, dzinogona kuratidza chiedza chakawanda, uye mavara akajeka anogadzirwa nenzira iyi anogona kukanganisa mutsara wekuona kana kuvanza zvinhu.Magirazi ezuva epamusoro anogona kushandisa tekinoroji yepolarization kubvisa zvachose kupenya kwakadaro.Tichaunza tekinoroji yepolarization gare gare.

Kumwe mafambiro echiedza kunodzima mutsara wekuona, ukuwo mamwe mafambisirwo echiedza anogona kuwedzera musiyano.Sarudza ruvara rwakanaka rwemagirazi ezuva, kuitira kuti riwane migumisiro iri nani mune imwe nzvimbo.

Kana magirazi ezuva asingape dziviriro yeUV, anofumura iwe kune akawanda UV maranzi.Magirazi ezuva akachipa anosefa imwe mwenje, zvichiita kuti iris yako ivhure kuti igamuchire mwenje wakawanda.Izvi zvichabvumirawo mamwe ultraviolet mwaranzi kupinda, kuwedzera kukuvadzwa kunokonzerwa neultraviolet mwaranzi kune retina.

Naizvozvo, pane zvechokwadi musiyano pakati pemagirazi ezuva akasiyana.Kune imwe nzvimbo yekushandisa, kusarudza magirazi ezuva akakodzera uye emhando yepamusoro anokupa dziviriro huru.

Zvinoenderana nezviyero zvepasi rose, magirazi ezuva anoiswa sezvigadzirwa zvekudzivirira maziso.Basa guru remagirazi ezuva nderekuvhara kupenya kwezuva.Zvisinei, mipimo yenyika yose inokamura magirazi ezuva kuva “magirazi efashoni” uye “magirazi echinangwa chikuru.”Izvo zvinodiwa zvehutano zve "fashoni girazi" muyero yakaderera.Nekuti "chionioni chefashoni" chinonyanya kutarisisa maitiro, mupfeki anoteerera kushongedzwa kwete kudzivirira.Mune mwero, izvo zvinodikanwa zvemhando ye "general chinangwa magirazi akaomesesa, kusanganisira zvinodiwa zveUV dziviriro, diopter uye prism.

4.Kurongwa kwemagirazi ezuva

Classification nekushandiswa

Magirazi ezuva anogona kupatsanurwa muzvikamu zvitatu: magirazi ezuva, magirazi ane mavara akajeka uye magirazi ezuva akasarudzika.

(magirazi ezuva-shading)

Iyo inonzi sun-shading mirror, sezvinoreva zita racho, inoshandiswa pakuita shading.Vanhu vanowanzogadzirisa kupenya kunopenya nekugadzirisa saizi yevadzidzi vavo muzuva.Kana kusimba kwechiedza kuchipfuura kugona kugadzirisa kweziso remunhu, zvinokonzeresa kukuvadzwa kweziso remunhu.Nokudaro, mumabasa ekunze, kunyanya muzhizha, vanhu vakawanda vanoshandisa magirazi ezuva kuti vadzivise zuva kuderedza kuneta kunokonzerwa nekugadzirisa maziso kana kukanganisa kunokonzerwa nekukurudzira chiedza chakasimba.

(magirazi ezuva akajeka)

(magirazi ezuva akakosha)

(anti-reflective inodzivirira lenzi)

<1> Anti-reflective protective lens: Iri rudzi rwe lens rakaputirwa nehupamhi hutete hwe magnesium fluoride pamusoro pekudzivirira kuratidzwa kwechiedza chakasimba, kuitira kuti iwe uone zvinhu zvakajeka uye usakanganiswa nechiedza chakasimba.Kuti utarise kana magirazi ako ezuva achinyatsoshandisa anti-reflective ekudzivirira lenzi, unogona kunongedza magirazi pachiedza.Kana iwe ukaona maratidziro epepuru kana egirinhi, zvinoreva kuti ma lenzi akaputirwa neanopesana-reflective inodzivirira firimu.

(ma lenzi anemavara)

<2> Malenzi ane mavara: anonziwo "dyed lenses", zvinoreva kuwedzera mamwe makemikari zvinhu mukugadzirwa kwemalenzi kuita kuti malenzi aratidze mavara kuti atore mwenje wewavelength chaiyo.Iyi ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa lens mhando yemagirazi ezuva.

(Malensi akapendwa)

<3> Painted lens: Mhedzisiro yerudzi urwu rwelenzi yakafanana neyeyeruvara lens, chete nzira yekuigadzira ndiyo yakasiyana.Iko kupenda ruvara pamusoro pechiso che lens.Inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeye "gradient colored lens", ruvara rwuri The top is the deepest, and then gets lighter down.Kazhinji, magirazi ezuva ane mishonga anonyanya kupendwa nemalenzi.

(polarized lenses)

<4> Polarized lenses: Kuti kusefa mirazvo inopenya yezuva inopenya pamvura, nyika kana sinou munzira dzakaenzana, yakakosha vertical coating inowedzerwa kumalenzi, ayo anonzi polarized lenses.Inonyanya kukodzera kumitambo yekunze (yakadai semitambo yegungwa, skiing kana kubata hove).

(mavara-anoshandura lenzi)

(Clipu yeMagirazi)

(Night driving lens)

Mhando maitiro

<1> Grey lens: Iyo grey lens inogona kutora chero ruvara rwemavara zvakaenzana, saka chiitiko chinozongosviba, asi hapazove nekujeka kwechromatic aberration, kuratidza manzwiro chaiwo uye echisikigo.Iyo ndeyeiyo isina kwayakarerekera color system.

<2> Brown lenzi: sefa yakawanda yebhuruu mwenje, iyo inogona kuvandudza yekuona musiyano uye kujeka.Zviri nani kupfeka pasi pekusvibiswa kwemhepo kwakanyanya kana mhute mamiriro.Kazhinji, inogona kuvhara chiedza chinoratidzwa kubva panzvimbo yakatsetseka uye inopenya, uye anopfeka anogona kuramba achiona zvikamu zvisingaoneki.Isarudzo yakanaka kune vatyairi.

<3> Green lens: paunenge uchitora chiedza, inowedzera chiedza chegirini chinosvika pameso, saka ine manzwiro anotonhorera uye akasununguka, akakodzera kune vanhu vanowanzoona kuneta kwemaziso.

<4> Bhuruu uye grey lenses: akafanana negrey lenzi, ndeaya asina kwaakarerekera lenzi, asi ruvara rwakadzama uye inooneka mwenje wekutora wakakwira.

<5> Mercury lens: Iyo lens yepamusoro inotora yakakwirira-density girazi coating.Malenzi akadaro anotora zvakanyanya kuratidzwa chiedza chinooneka uye akakodzera kune vekunze mitambo vanhu.

<6> Yellow lens: Kunyatsotaura, rudzi urwu rwe lens harisi girazi rezuva, nokuti harisi kuderedza chiedza chinooneka, asi munguva yemhute nemasikati, lens yero inogona kuvandudza kusiyana uye kupa maonero akajeka, saka inonziwo. chionioni cheusiku.Vamwe vechidiki vanopfeka "magirazi ezuva" ane lenzi yeyero sekushongedza.

<7> Chiedza chebhuruu, chiedza chepinki uye mamwe ma-lenses: ma-lenses akafanana anonyanya kushongedza pane anoshanda.

<8> Rima rakasvibira lenzi: Inotora kupisa uye inounza manzwiro anotonhorera, asi mwenje wekufambisa uye kujeka kwakadzikira.Inokodzera kupfeka muzuva uye haina kukodzera kutyaira.

<9> Blue lens: Zuva rebhuruu lens rinogona kupfekwa kana uchitamba pamahombekombe.Iyo lenzi yebhuruu inokwanisa kusefa kunze kwechiedza chebhuruu chinoratidzwa negungwa nedenga.Isu tinofanirwa kudzivirira kushandisa malenzi eblue pakutyaira, nekuti zvinozoita kuti titadze kusiyanisa ruvara rwechiratidzo chetraffic.